Division of CVTS

FacultyServices Projects PublicationsResearch Staff Alumni

Facilities

The center performs around 1000 Open-Heart surgeries per year. We have state of the art 4 operating rooms, 16 Bedded ICU and 4 Bedded step - down unit. The division is fully equipped to deal with any emergency surgeries 24/7.

Services

Coronary Artery Surgery(CABG) - Our center was one of the earliest centers in India doing CABG starting in 1980. So far over 8,000 patients have undergone CABG. Advanced techniques in coronary revascularization, coronary endarterectomy, reoperative coronary bypass techniques, Concomitant correction of ischemic Mitral regurgitation, and surgical ventricular restoration are performed.

Valve surgery

Mitral Valve Repair - is now considered the procedure of choice in the management of degenerative Mitral Regurgitation (leaking valves). The advantages of repair over conventional replacement of valve are better preservation of heart function, avoidance of blood thinners,less risk for infective endocarditis and better long term survival. Our center is commited to offer mitral valve repair in indicated cases. Intra operative 3D Trans esophageal echocardiogram highlights the exact mechanism of leakage allowing our surgeons to perform these repairs.

Mitral Valve Replacement - is commonly performed when valves are not suitable for repair. Many of these valves are of rheumatic etiology where the valve is damaged beyond repair. We use mechanical as well as state of the art Bioprosthetic valves for replacing this damaged valves. More than 5000 cases have been done in our center with exceptional results.

Aortic valve replacement - is commonly performed for degenerative as well as Rheumatic valves. In indicated patients we offer Minimally invasive options also for replacing these valves. In conventional surgery, the entire breast bone is divided, however in minimally invasive surgery the aortic valve replacement is done through a 4 inch incision allowing better cosmesis, less pain and early discharge and returning to work.

Double valve Replacement - When both aortic and mitral valves are damaged, both need to be replaced. Such procedure is commonly named Double valve replacement.

Areas Of Special Expertise - Since we are a high volume center for treatment of various cardiac disorders, we have special expertise in the management of some rare and complex disorders of heart and blood vessel that need surgery.

Surgical ventricular Restoration (Dorr's Procedure) - This procedure is done when heart muscles scars and balloons out due to infarction. Surgically we aim to restore the geometry of left ventricle using prosthetic material, so that ventricle contracts well.

Bentall - Debono - When the ascending aorta is dilated [aneurysm], it is replaced with graft and coronaries are implanted into the graft.

Repair of arch Aneurysm - This procedure is done when aortic arch is dilated compromising blood flow to all parts of the body needing emergency intervention. Hybrid procedures with the help of our radiology department are done successfully.

Surgery for Type A Aortic dissection - Patients who develop tear in wall of aorta (major blood vessel) usually experience severe and excruciating cheat pain. CT scan will confirm the diagnosis. Urgent Surgery is indicated to prevent death. The surgical procedure usually involves replacement of torn portion of aorta with prosthetic graft; sometimes need replacement of aortic valve and reimplanatation of coronary ostea (Bentall-Debono).

Reoperative cardiac surgery - This is one of the fields where expertise is needed as the mortality and morbidity reported in literature reported is very high. We have the expertise and instruments to manage such cases and are regularly done here with very good results.

Surgery for patients with low cardiac function - This is when patients with heart disease presents late failure where is weak, post op recovery takes a long course and our hospital is well versed in operating on such patients.

Pulmonary Thrombo-endarterectomy - Pulmonary thromboembolism is a condition where blood clots from peripheral veins get dislodged and occlude the pulmonary arteries, causing cardio respiratory failure. This surgery is done in such patients with good results in our hospital.

Surgery for hypertrophic Obstructive cardiomyopathy - This is a condition where the inter-ventricular septum is hypertrophied causing dynamic obstruction to the Left ventricular outflow sometimes causing sudden death. Surgery involves resection of hypertrophied muscle.

Patient Guide

Coronary Artery Bypass grafting(CABG) - allows blood to flow through your Blocked arteries. The average duration of surgery is about 4-5 hrs. Surgery is commonly performed by dividing the breastbone. Our expert tem of anesthesiologists ensure that you are adequately asleep and do not experience any pain or memory of the procedure. The surgeon is ably assisted by residents and scrub nurses. Artery from chest wall is routinely harvested to bypass the major artery, while the rest of blocks are bypassed by saphenous vein harvested from leg or rarely radial artery (artery in arm). The patients are allowed to recover in ICU. Immediate family members are informed of the progress at all times. Due to fear of infection to your dear relative, visiting the patient is kept to bear minimum. Typically the patient gets discharged after 6 days. Since the breastbone is divided, for 3 months patient should not lift any weights. It is very important to strictly adhere to the detailed follow up instructions given at the time of discharge.

Valve Surgery - Optimal valve functioning is needed for unidirectional flow for adequate tissue perfusion. Valves may stenose or leak. Surgery is performed by repair or replacement depending on the clinical situation. Surgery is performed by opening breastbone. Metallic or bioprosthetic valve is used depending on clinical and patient needs.

Patients are encouraged to stop smoking at least 3 weeks prior to surgery. If the patient is on anticoagulation, it is stopped and switched to Heparin.

Average stay in Intensive care unit is 2 days. We typically discharge patients on the seventh day. Patient education classes are taken prior to discharge classes are taken. Patients on Mechanical valves need life long anticoagulation. Anticoagulation is monitored by INR; hence all patients need monthly INR check up and dose adjusted.

Publications

1. Double chamber right ventricle in a patient with supracristal ventricular septal defect and prolapsing right coronary cusp: role of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography.Gadhinglajkar S, Sreedhar R, Krishnamanohar SR, Jayant A, Bhoomkar NS.J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009 Jun;22(6):754.e3-5
2. Superior vena cava syndrome after pulsatile bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure: perioperative implications.Neema PK, Sethuraman M, Krishnamanohar SR, Rathod RC.Ann Card Anaesth. 2009 Jan-Jun;12(1):53-6.
3. Case 4--2008: difficult weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass in the lateral position caused by lung collapse. Neema PK, Manikandan S, Ahuja A, Dharan BS, Gandhi S, Krishnamanohar SR, Rathod RC, Sohmer B, Minhaj MM. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2008 Aug;22(4):616-24
4. Unusual coarctation-the PHACE syndrome: report of three cases. Bijulal S, Sivasankaran S, Krishnamoorthy KM, Titus T, Tharakan JA, Krishnamanohar SR. Congenit Heart Dis. 2008 May;3(3):205-8.PMID: 18557884
5. Severe hypotension and overflowing of venous reservoir at the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient undergoing repair of ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm: management issues. Neema PK, Sethuraman M, Krishnamanohar SR, Rathod RC. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2006 Aug;5(4):448-50. Epub 2006 May 1.PMID: 17670614
6. Pulmonary hypertension alters natural history of anomalous left coronary artery. Akbari J, Theodore S, Krishnamanohar SR, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2007 Apr;15(2):e23-4.PMID: 17387181
7. Teddy bear in the heart. Krishnamoorthy KM, Krishnamanohar SR. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2004 Aug;20(4):249-53
8. Star in the heart. Krishnamoorthy KM, Tharakan JA, Krishnamanohar SR. Heart. 2004 May;90(5):e23.
9. Left atrial myxoma presenting as acute myocardial infarction in a child. Harikrishnan S, KrishnaManohar SR, Krishna Kumar R, Tharakan JM. Cardiology. 2003;99(1):55-6
10. Tetralogy of Fallot with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: pathophysiology and management. Neema PK, Krishnamanohar SR, Rathod RC. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2002 Apr; 16(2): 211-3.
Delayed thrombosis of left internal jugular vein and left subclavian vein: complication related to drainage of left superior vena cava. Gadhinglajkar SV, Shyamkrishnan KG, Sreedhar R, Sonwalkar H. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2003 Dec;2(4):607-10.
Long-term functional assessment after correction of tetralogy of Fallot in adulthood. Sadiq A, Shyamkrishnan KG, Theodore S, Gopalakrishnan S, Tharakan JM, Karunakaran J. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007 May;83(5):1790-5.
Intrinsic airway abnormality in 2 patients with multiple congenital defects: a chance association or an unrecognized association. Neema PK, Rathod RC, Shyamkrishnan KG. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2002 Apr; 16(2): 214-7.
A ten-year post-surgical assessment of pulmonary hypertension in adults with patent ductus arteriosus. Shyamkrishnan KG, Singh M, Tharakan JM, Dal A. Indian Heart J. 1996 May-Jun;48(3):249-51.
Management of severe pulmonary hypertension during surgery for congenital heart disease. Shyamkrishnan KG, Waikar HD, Titus T. Indian Heart J. 1996 Mar-Apr;48(2):159-60.
A correlative study of the functional class and hemodynamic status following intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Valiathan MS, Shyamkrishnan KG, Sankarkumar R, Balakrishnan KG, Tharakan J. Indian Heart J. 1991 May-Jun;43(3):141-5.
Prevalence of coagulase negative Staphylococcus species among hospital personnel and surgical patients. Narayani TV, Naseema K, Bhattacharya RN, Shyamkrishnan KG, Shanmugam J. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 1990 Jul;33(3):258-62.
Anomalous pulmonary venous connection to superior vena cava: Warden technique. Kottayil BP, Dharan BS, Menon S, Bijulal S, Neema PK, Gopalakrishnan SK, Jayakumar K. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010 Aug 7.
Tricuspid valve excision using off-pump inflow occlusion technique: role of intra-operative trans-esophageal echocardiography. Gadhinglajkar S, Sreedhar R, Karunakaran J, Misra M, Somasundaram G, Mathew T. Ann Card Anaesth. 2010 May-Aug;13(2):148-53.
Late presentation of aortic root abscess in endocarditis with coronary ischemia. Namboodiri N, Bohora S, Misra M, Bijulal S, Jayakumar K, Tharakan JA. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2009 Dec;17(6):647-9.
Clinical determinants of ckit-positive cardiac cell yield in coronary disease. Aghila Rani KG, Jayakumar K, Sarma PS, Kartha CC. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2009 Apr; 17(2): 139-42.
Genetic engineering with endothelial nitric oxide synthase improves functional properties of endothelial progenitor cells from patients with coronary artery disease: an in vitro study. Kaur S, Kumar TR, Uruno A, Sugawara A, Jayakumar K, Kartha CC. Basic Res Cardiol. 2009 Nov;104(6):739-49. Epub 2009 May 29.
Does transfusion of residual cardiopulmonary bypass circuit blood increase postoperative bleeding? A prospective randomized study in patients undergoing on pump cardiopulmonary bypass. Duara R, Misra M, Bhuyan RR, Sarma PS, Jayakumar K. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2008 Jul;2(2):51-5.
Isolation of ckit-positive cardiosphere-forming cells from human atrial biopsy. Aghila Rani KG, Jayakumar K, Srinivas G, Nair RR, Kartha CC. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2008 Jan; 16(1): 50-6.
The potential of circulating endothelial progenitor cells to form colonies is inversely proportional to total vascular risk score in patients with coronary artery disease. Kaur S, Jayakumar K, Kartha CC. Indian Heart J. 2007 Nov-Dec;59(6):475-81
The 'aortic rim' recount: embolization of interatrial septal occluder into the main pulmonary artery bifurcation after atrial septal defect closure. Misra M, Sadiq A, Namboodiri N, Karunakaran J. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2007 Jun;6(3):384-6. Epub 2007 Mar 15.
Successful repair of aortobronchial fistula using circulatory arrest. Bhuyan RR, Rajendran S, Unnikrishnan M, Jayakumar K. ANZ J Surg. 2007 May; 77(5): 398-9
Long-term functional assessment after correction of tetralogy of Fallot in adulthood. Sadiq A, Shyamkrishnan KG, Theodore S, Gopalakrishnan S, Tharakan JM, Karunakaran J. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007 May; 83(5): 1790-5.
Severe hypothyroidism after coronary artery bypass grafting. Sarma AK, Krishna M, Karunakaran J, Neema PK, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Aug;80(2):714-6.
Is there any change in free flow of pedicled left internal thoracic artery conduit at varying degrees of clockwise twist up to 360 degrees ? Sarma AK, Siva SK, Karunakaran J, Sankaran NK. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 May; 129(5): 1192-3.
Twisting of pedicled left internal thoracic artery graft three hundred sixty degrees clockwise: does it change the outcome? Sarma AK, Krishnamurthy SK, Siva VS, Karunakaran J, Sankaran NK. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004 Oct;128(4):617-8.
Anesthetic management for surgical repair of Ebstein's anomaly along with coexistent Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in a patient with severe mitral stenosis. Sinha PK, Kumar B, Varma PK. Ann Card Anaesth. 2010 May-Aug;13(2):154-8
Endograft collapse after thoracic stent-graft repair for traumatic rupture. Lazar HL, Varma PK, Shapira OM, Soto J, Shaw P. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009 May;87(5):1582-3.
Perioperative issues due to long-standing lung collapse during repair of a large ascending aortic aneurysm. Neema PK, Varma PK, Manikandan S, Rathod RC. Ann Card Anaesth. 2008 Jul-Dec;11(2):119-22.
Superior vena caval aneurysm. Varma PK, Dharan BS, Ramachandran P, Neelakandhan KS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2003 Sep;2(3):331-3.
Surgical considerations in chronic pseudoaneurysms involving the celiac axis. Theodore S, Jagannath BR, Sangili S, Krishnamoorthy J, Neelakandhan KS, Cherian KM. Int J Surg. 2008 Dec;6(6):e28-30. Epub 2006 Oct 24.PMID: 19059129 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations
Case 2--2007: Systemic air embolization after termination of cardiopulmonary bypass. Neema PK, Pathak S, Varma PK, Manikandan S, Rathod RC, Tempe DK, Tung A. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2007 Apr;21(2):288-97. Epub 2007 Jan 9.
Fatal endotracheal haemorrhage in a patient undergoing repair of a large ascending aortic aneurysm. Neema PK, Manikandan S, Rathod RC, Varma PK. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2007 Jul;24(7):646-7.
Case 4--2006: Coexistent hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, mitral stenosis, and coronary artery fistula. Neema PK, Varma PK, Sinha PK, Rathod RC, Mahmood F, Park KW, Shernan S. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2006 Aug;20(4):594-605. Epub 2006 May 18
Syphilitic aneurysm eroding the chest wall. Varma PK, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2006 Aug;14(4):351.
Effect of lung ventilation with 50% oxygen in air or nitrous oxide versus 100% oxygen on oxygenation index after cardiopulmonary bypass. Sinha PK, Neema PK, Unnikrishnan KP, Varma PK, Jaykumar K, Rathod RC. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2006 Apr;20(2):136-42
Holt-oram syndrome with hemizygous continuation of inferior vena cava. Varma PK, Padmakumar R, Harikrishnan S, Koshy T, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2006 Apr;14(2):161-3.
Late entrapment of ball and cage valve in mitral position. Akbari JG, Varma PK, Gadhinglajkar SV, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2006 Feb;14(1):e1-3.
Surgical interruption of patent ductus arteriosus in a child with severe aortic stenosis: anesthetic considerations. Neema PK, Tambe S, Unnikrishnan M, Varma PK, Rathod RC. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2005 Dec;19(6):784-5.
Emergency surgery after percutaneous transmitral commissurotomy: operative versus echocardiographic findings, mechanisms of complications, and outcomes. Varma PK, Theodore S, Neema PK, Ramachandran P, Sivadasanpillai H, Nair KK, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Sep;130(3):772-6
Clinical profile and surgical outcome for pulmonary aspergilloma: a single center experience. Akbari JG, Varma PK, Neema PK, Menon MU, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Sep;80(3):1067-72.
Spontaneous iliac arteriovenous fistula: recognition and management. Krishna M, Theodore S, Varma PK, Neelakandhan KS. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2005 Apr;46(2):181-2
Vocal cord dysfunction in two patients after mitral valve replacement: consequences and mechanism. Neema PK, Sinha PK, Varma PK, Rathod RC. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2005 Feb;19(1):83-5. Review
Clinical profile of post-operative ductal aneurysm and usefulness of sternotomy and circulatory arrest for its repair. Varma PK, Vallath G, Neema PK, Sinha PK, Sivadasanpillai H, Menon MU, Neelakandhan KS. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005 Mar;27(3):416-9.
Late aneurysm formation with destruction of the left lung after subclavian flap angioplasty for coarctation of aorta. Theodore S, Varma PK, Neema PK, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Feb;129(2):468-9.
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia after radiofrequency maze procedure: report of two cases. Dora SK, Varma PK, Parija C, Nair K, Sreedhar R, Neelakandhan KS, Tharakan J. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Feb;129(2):446-7
Simultaneous repair of bilateral multiple emphysematous bullae with a secundum atrial septal defect. Neema PK, Sinha PK, Varma PK, Rathod RC. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2004 Oct;18(5):632-6.
Controlled aortic root perfusion: a novel method to treat refractory ventricular arrhythmias after aortic valve replacement. Gadhinglajkar SV, Sreedhar R, Varma PK. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2004 Apr;18(2):197-200.
Partial atrioventricular canal defect with cor triatriatum sinister: report of three cases. Varma PK, Warrier G, Ramachandran P, Neema PK, Manohar SR, Titus T, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004 Feb;127(2):572-3.
Abdominal aortic occlusion due to aorto arteritis. Varma PK, Latha M, Purushotham SN, Neelakandhan KS. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003 Sep;24(3):451.
Surgical considerations in chronic pseudoaneurysms involving the celiac axis. Theodore S, Jagannath BR, Sangili S, Krishnamoorthy J, Neelakandhan KS, Cherian KM. Int J Surg. 2008 Dec;6(6):e28-30.
Correction of coarctation of aorta in adult patients--impact of corrective procedure on long-term recoarctation and systolic hypertension. Duara R, Theodore S, Sarma PS, Unnikrishnan M, Neelakandhan KS. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008 Mar;56(2):83-6
Scimitar syndrome with anomalous connection of left superior pulmonary vein to left innominate vein. Misra M, Sadiq A, Rema Manohar KS, Neelakandhan KS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2005 Dec;4(6):606-8. Epub 2005 Sep 16
Fatal post-operative gastro intestinal hemorrhage because of angio-dysplasia of small intestine in aortic regurgitation. Varma P, Misra M, Radhakrishnan VV, Neelakandhan KS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2004 Mar;3(1):118-20.
Superior vena caval aneurysm. Varma PK, Dharan BS, Ramachandran P, Neelakandhan KS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2003 Sep;2(3):331-3.
Fluoroscopic-guided balloon dilatation and stenting in tracheal stenosis with metallic self-expandable stents and long-term follow-up results. Bodhey NK, Gupta AK, Neelakandhan KS, Neema PK, Kapilamoorthy TR, Purkayastha S, Thomas B, Krishnamoorthy T, Kesavadas C. Australas Radiol. 2007 Aug;51(4):351-7.
Pulmonary hypertension alters natural history of anomalous left coronary artery. Akbari J, Theodore S, Krishnamanohar SR, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2007 Apr;15(2):e23-4.
Hydrothorax following right internal jugular vein cannulation: prompt diagnosis with a simple innovative bedside test. Duara R, Rajendran S, Nagi GS, Neelakandhan KS. J Postgrad Med. 2007 Jan-Mar;53(1):77-8.
Syphilitic aneurysm eroding the chest wall. Varma PK, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2006 Aug;14(4):351
Extracranial carotid aneurysms in young patients. Theodore S, Unnikrishnan M, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006 May;81(5):1943; -4
Holt-oram syndrome with hemizygous continuation of inferior vena cava. Varma PK, Padmakumar R, Harikrishnan S, Koshy T, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2006 Apr;14(2):161-3.
Late entrapment of ball and cage valve in mitral position. Akbari JG, Varma PK, Gadhinglajkar SV, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2006 Feb;14(1):e1-3.
Emergency surgery after percutaneous transmitral commissurotomy: operative versus echocardiographic findings, mechanisms of complications, and outcomes. Varma PK, Theodore S, Neema PK, Ramachandran P, Sivadasanpillai H, Nair KK, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Sep;130(3):772-6
Clinical profile and surgical outcome for pulmonary aspergilloma: a single center experience. Akbari JG, Varma PK, Neema PK, Menon MU, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Sep;80(3):1067-72.
Early sternal erosion and luetic aneurysms of thoracic aorta: report of 6 cases and analysis of cause-effect relationship. Bodhey NK, Gupta AK, Neelakandhan KS, Unnikrishnan M. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005 Sep;28(3):499-501.
Brachiocephalic artery to left innominate vein fistula following median sternotomy. Duara R, Suneel PR, Koshy T, Neelakandhan KS. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005 Aug;28(2):328-9. No abstract available. PMID: 16039964 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Related citations
Severe hypothyroidism after coronary artery bypass grafting. Sarma AK, Krishna M, Karunakaran J, Neema PK, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Aug;80(2):714-6. 71.Embryologic and surgical considerations in tetralogy of Fallot with right arch and aberrant left subclavian artery from the ascending aorta. Krishnan KG, Theodore S, Kiran S, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Jul;130(1):215-6.
Submitral left ventricular aneurysm: the location of the circumflex coronary artery in relation to the aneurysm influences the surgical approach and outcome. Purushotham S, Manohar SR, Sivasubramaniam S, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 May;129(5):1175-7.
Spontaneous iliac arteriovenous fistula: recognition and management. Krishna M, Theodore S, Varma PK, Neelakandhan KS. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2005 Apr;46(2):181-2.
Clinical profile of post-operative ductal aneurysm and usefulness of sternotomy and circulatory arrest for its repair. Varma PK, Vallath G, Neema PK, Sinha PK, Sivadasanpillai H, Menon MU, Neelakandhan KS. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2005 Mar;27(3):416-9. Epub 2004 Dec 19
Late aneurysm formation with destruction of the left lung after subclavian flap angioplasty for coarctation of aorta. Theodore S, Varma PK, Neema PK, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Feb;129(2):468-9.
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia after radiofrequency maze procedure: report of two cases. Dora SK, Varma PK, Parija C, Nair K, Sreedhar R, Neelakandhan KS, Tharakan J. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Feb;129(2):446-7
One-and-a-half ventricle repair for right ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis. Anbarasu M, Krishna Manohar SR, Titus T, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2004 Dec;12(4):363-5.PMID: 15585710
Partial atrioventricular canal defect with cor triatriatum sinister: report of three cases. Varma PK, Warrier G, Ramachandran P, Neema PK, Manohar SR, Titus T, Neelakandhan KS. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004 Feb;127(2):572-3.
Dysphagia lusorum. Praveen V, Anbarasu M, Sreenivas VG, Neelakandhan KS. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2003 Dec;11(4):376.
Abdominal aortic occlusion due to aorto arteritis. Varma PK, Latha M, Purushotham SN, Neelakandhan KS. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003 Sep;24(3):451.
Right ventricular mass: a histopathological surprise. Anand KT, Manohar SR, Harikrishnan S, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003 Jun;75(6):1969-71.
Fate of hypertension after repair of coarctation of the aorta in adults. Bhat MA, Neelakandhan KS, Unnikrishnan M, Rathore RS, Mohan Singh MP, Lone GN. Br J Surg. 2001 Apr;88(4):536-8.PMID: 11298621
Aortic arch aneurysms. Neelakandhan KS. J Indian Med Assoc. 1999 Jul;97(7):276-7, 281. Review.
Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms. Neelakandhan KS, Matta R. Int Angiol. 1996 Dec;15(4):316-20.
Response to thymectomy in South Indian patients with myasthenia gravis. Narayan SK, Sarada C, Radhakrishnan K, Nair MD, Kartha CC, Neelakandhan KS, Tharakan KJ. Acta Neurol Scand. 1996 Jul;94(1):63-6.:
Right atrial lipoma. Case report. Matta R, Neelakandhan KS, Sandhyamani S. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1996 Apr;37(2):165-8. Review.
Delayed chylothorax after irradiation. Neelakandan B, Neelakandhan KS. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996 Jan;61(1):277.
Continuous direct left atrial pressure monitoring during closed mitral commissurotomy. Neema PK, Neelakandhan KS, Waikar HD. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1995 Dec;9(6):786-7. No abstract available.
Balloon angioplasty of the femoro-popliteal segment: follow up results from southern India. Unni NM, Mandalam KR, Rao VR, Gupta AK, Joseph S, Rao AS, Unnikrishnan M, Neelakandhan KS. Natl Med J India. 1995 May-Jun;8(3):105-13.
Abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy in a patient with bilateral renal autotransplants. Waikar HD, Neelakandhan KS, Ravimandalam K. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1995 Feb;9(1):66-70.
Focal occlusive disease of the common femoral artery: a report of 20 cases. Mandalam KR, Rao VR, Sandhyamani S, Gupta AK, Joseph S, Unni NM, Rao AS, Neelakandhan KS, Unnikrishnan M. Cardiovasc Surg. 1994 Aug;2(4):498-502.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the subclavian artery in nonspecific aortoarteritis: results of long-term follow-up. Joseph S, Mandalam KR, Rao VR, Gupta AK, Unni NM, Rao AS, Neelakandhan KS, Unnikrishnan M, Sandhyamani S. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1994 Jul-Aug;5(4):573-80.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in a patient with bilateral autotransplanted kidneys. Neelakandhan KS, Muralidhar R, Unnikrishnan M, Ravimandalam K. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1994 Apr;42(2):128-30.
Self-expandable stents for tracheal stenosis: experience in two patients. Santhosh J, Mandalam KR, Rao VR, Waiker HD, Neelakandhan KS, Unni MN, Gupta AK, Rao AS, Kartha CC. Australas Radiol. 1994 Feb;38(1):78-81.
Case 1-1994. Mistaken diagnosis of coarction of the aorta with aortoesophageal fistula. Waikar HD, Gupta AK, Ravimandalam K, Neelakandhan KS, Sandhyamani S. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1994 Feb;8(1):108-13. No abstract available.
Natural history of aortoarteritis: an angiographic study in 26 survivors. Mandalam KR, Subramanyan R, Joseph S, Rao VR, Gupta AK, Unni NM, Rao AS, Kumar S, Balakrishnan KG, Neelakandhan KS. Clin Radiol. 1994 Jan;49(1):38-44.
Role of angiographic catheters in surgery of popliteal arteriovenous fistulas. Joseph S, Unni NM, Neelakandhan KS, Ravimandalam K. Cardiovasc Surg. 1993 Dec;1(6):729-30.
Takayasu arteritis: initial and long-term follow-up in 16 patients after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta. Rao SA, Mandalam KR, Rao VR, Gupta AK, Joseph S, Unni MN, Subramanyan R, Neelakandhan KS. Radiology. 1993 Oct;189(1):173-9.
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome following aortocarotid bypass surgery. Waikar HD, Ravimandalam K, Neelakandhan KS, Unnikrishnan M, Sandhyamani S, Mohandas K. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1993 Aug;7(4):461-5. No abstract available. Erratum in: J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1994 Apr;8(2):258.
Multiple pulmonary-artery aneurysms due to mucoid vasculopathy--angiographic and histological observations. Gupta AK, Sandhyamani S, Ravimandalam K, Rao VR, Neelakandhan KS, Joseph S, Unni M, Rao AS. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1993 Jun;41(3):189-92.
Transverse aortic arch aneurysms--a challenge ahead. Waikar HD, Gopakumar KP, Mohandas K, Neelakandhan KS. Indian Heart J. 1993 May-Jun;45(3):205-9.
Hyperperfusion syndrome following balloon angioplasty and bypass surgery of aortic arch vessels: a report of 3 cases. Mandalam KR, Rao VR, Neelakandhan KS, Kumar S, Unnikrishnan M, Mukhopadhyay S. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1992 Mar-Apr;15(2):108-12

Research Programme

Residency Programme

The following programmes are offered in our institute:

Referring Patients

Division of adult cardiac surgery and pediatric cardiac surgery do not accept direct patient referral. All patients need to be evaluated by cardiologists. We have a reasonable waiting list for doing routine surgeries, however we do not have waiting list for specialized surgeries. These patients will be accommodated very early in our surgical list. List of such procedures include:

These patients can be directly refered to us. To know more about how to refer please contact the division by email -

Staff